Category Archives: best/worst practices

Widespread hacking attack on poorly secured WordPress blogs underway

According to an article in Ars Technica, security experts at several companies are warning of a widespread attempt to compromise and take over WordPress administration accounts. The bad guys are using a separate botnet (presumably one comprised of compromised home machines) to run brute force attacks on WordPress installations across the web.

According to CloudFlare’s Prince, the distributed attacks are attempting to brute force the administrative portals of WordPress servers, employing the username “admin” and 1,000 or so common passwords. He said the attacks are coming from tens of thousands of unique IP addresses, an assessment that squares with the finding of more than 90,000 IP addresses hitting WordPress machines hosted by HostGator.

Because of the relatively basic nature of the attack, those who change the admin name from the default (“admin”) and use secure passwords. (It’s best to follow WordPress’s suggestions on password security, or to use some other relatively rigorus system for deriving your password.*)

And, obviously, this hacking attempt exploits human weakness — not an exploitable weakness in the WordPress content management system, itself.

Still, it’s never too late to check your own password. Hackers halfway around the world probably won’t know your dog’s name or the name of your high school team, but your ex-spouse, co-workers and many more folks just might. And if they want to play a ‘little trick’ on you, if you have obvious user names and passwords, you make that easy.

(Don’t forget the fellow who got federal time for ‘hacking’ Sarah Palin’s email account simply found her email address and then guessed her password, which, if we recall correctly, was something really obvious like a pet or kid name. That it was easy didn’t keep him out of federal prison, though.)

You can be assured that TKM WebWorks will be monitoring this situation and, as always, working to keep your sites working and uncompromised, whether they use the WordPerfect CMS or not.

Ars Technica: Huge attack on WordPress sites could spawn never-before-seen super botnet

* A good, hard to crack, all-but-impossible-to-guess password doesn’t have to be hard to remember. You can use random combinations of letters, numbers, and symbols, but that means you’ll probably have to cut and paste it — unless, perhaps you create a ‘mnemonic’ acronym — a password that ‘stands’ for a phrase. For instance, you could use nitt4agm2c2taotc — almost impossible to guess (or remember) unless you know it stands for now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the country. (Obviously, you don’t want to use such a phrase that will pop to the lips of the many. You want one that you can remember but that isn’t ‘obvious.’)

Another system for creating quite secure passwords is to simply create a phrase of  four or more unrelated  words. (Of course you can also stick numbers or other characters in such a phrase, making it even harder to guess.) Such pass phrases may not be quite as secure as random strings of characters, numbers, and symbols, but they nonetheless require long periods of dictionary attack to crack. (So-called dictionary attacks, which take valuable resources and considerable processing time and so are typically the province of targeted attacks — not the sort of random, low-hanging fruit collection of the above-referenced WP attack.

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Companies should start planning now for the end of Windows XP support in April 2014

This article from the UK’s Telegraph highlights the problem many businesses will face a year from now when Microsoft finally pulls remaining support from Windows XP — which still dominates the computer OS scene almost a dozen years since its release and five years since its intended successor, Windows Vista, was released. (To the sound of one hand clapping.)

Microsoft learned the Vista lesson, delivered a solid, well-liked OS with Windows 7, but came down with a case of institutional amnesia and repeated the Vista fiasco with Windows 8, which has alienated both consumers and, particularly enterprise users, not to mention computer usability experts, who were aghast at its grafting of a simplistic and crippled tablet interface over the top of Windows, obscuring the familiar aspects of the operating system and hobbling multitasking users with a one-thing-at-a-time approach that bizarrely turns its back on the reason Windows was created. (Determined users can find their way to the more familiar legacy aspects of the OS, and, can, indeed, engage in the sort of multitasking, multi-document work that put Windows on the map in the first place — but many users are totally flummoxed by their experiences with Windows 8.)

Microsoft had announced earlier support cut-offs, but was forced to push them back when enterprise and consumer customers stayed away from Vista in droves. Windows 7 went over considerably better — power users and geeks loved it — but the onus of the disastrous Vista release lingered. And then, with the MS board of directors obviously demanding more “Apple-like” customer lock-in and exploitation, MS dove headfirst into the sea of self-destruction that is Windows 8.

So where does that leave you?

Good question.

The Telepgraph: Windows XP putting businesses at risk

CNET: How to make Windows 8 look like Windows 7

ZDNet: Where can you find a PC running Windows 7?

ZDNet: How to skip Windows 8 and continue using Windows 7

ZDNet: From Windows 8 to Windows 7: why I downgraded

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Oracle finally releases a patch after months of inaction — but is it time to kill Java once and for all? Forbes Magazines says yes.

Oracle, the company that bought Java inventors Sun Computing in order to gain control of Java and other software developed in large part by the Open Source community, has been an exceptionally poor steward of those important franchises.

Last year, an unfixed vulnerability in the version of Java that Apple’s Mac operating system uses led to the deepest botnet penetration of any computer platform in history. After that, Apple wised up and found a way to quickly add Java to the blacklist of malware and insecure programs that the Mac OS won’t allow to run. And they needed it.

Unfortunately, while Apple was able to throw the kill switch on Java for the duration of the security problem, the rest of the computing world that uses Java has remained vulnerable for months since Oracle was notified of the latest zero-day vulnerability.

It’s become so bad the Department of Homeland Security has had to issue a warning to computer users around the world to not use Java because its unfixed vulnerabilities made their computers a knockover for a takeover.

Oracle had finally announced the fix would be available on Tuesday but rushed its release forward to today.

But many industry observers — including Forbes Magazine — think it’s one too many security lapses by Oracle. Their recommendation: nuke Java before it is used to nuke you.

Forbes Magazine: Forget Oracle’s Latest Java Patch. Just Kill The Program In Your Browser For Good

From Forbes: “Russian security firm Kaspersky reported in its third quarter analysis of security threats that Java was exploited in fully 56% of all known attacks that took advantage of vulnerabilities in software.”

That’s 56% of ALL known attacks from a software utility used by only a tiny, tiny minority of websites.

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The rolling disaster of Windows 8

With disappointing sales of Windows 8 dominating computer biz news, perhaps it’s time to revisit this article from the Nielsen Norman Group and take a look at some of the biggest mistakes Microsoft made in the design of their latest OS — which appears increasingly likely to go down in history as the most consumer-hated release in the Windows series.

Windows 8 — Disappointing Usability for Both Novice and Power Users

Summary: Hidden features, reduced discoverability, cognitive overhead from dual environments, and reduced power from a single-window UI and low information density. Too bad.

With the recent launch of Windows 8 and the Surface tablets, Microsoft has reversed its user interface strategy. From a traditional Gates-driven GUI style that emphasized powerful commands to the point of featuritis, Microsoft has gone soft and now smothers usability with big colorful tiles while hiding needed features.

The new design is obviously optimized for touchscreen use (where big targets are helpful), but Microsoft is also imposing this style on its traditional PC users because all of Windows 8 is permeated by the tablet sensibility.

Read it all: http://www.nngroup.com/articles/windows-8-disappointing-usability/

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Protecting your online image assets…

Here’s a very informative article that covers some of the issues facing those who want to display images of their own creation online — but want to minimize their unauthorized use by others.

From DWUser, who publish the XML Flash Slideshow and Easy Rotator tools:

Stop the Thieves! Strategies to Protect Your Images

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Audio and video on the web: where we stand now

A working musician and recording studio owner wondered elsewhere how he could get the highest quality audio samples of his work onto his website. He wanted, if possible, to use a minimum of 24 bit/44.1 kHz audio files…
44.1 24 bit uncompressed audio has a bandwidth of ~2117 kbps (~2.1 Mbps). With a rockin’ server and a very good downstream, that might work much of the time with optimal ‘net circumstances depending on server traffic. But it’s probably not a practical solution.

That means using a perceptual encoding algorithm like mp3, AAC, WMA, or Vorbis. With greatly reduced bandwidth comes potential loss of perceived quality, but, happily, the upper levels of those formats are indistinguishable from the ‘real thing’ by most people, even among trained listeners.

The latter three formats are generally accepted as offering marginally higher quality at a given bitrate — but the problem is that near-universal support only exists for mp3. AAC probably comes closest, but many Windows users would have to install the AAC codec in order to not have the browser throw a WTF? error.

So far, then, the most practical advice is to use a high resolution mp3.

Now we come to the player.

We are, interestingly (as in the ancient Chinese curse form of interesting), in an era of transition.

For most of the www’s history, streaming media has been accomplished via browser plugins like Macromedia’s (now Adobe’s) Flash, MS’s Silverlight (which is the system under Netflix Streaming) — or, far less successfully and gracefully, the Quicktime plugin. Such plugins provided both a software mechanism for receiving the streamed media but, in the case of Flash, allowed developers to create sophisticated user interfaces with a number of advanced features. Unfortunately, those third party developed plugins did not always run with great efficiency (many Flash developers came from the visual design world and did not necessarily have an understanding of programming efficiency). And, of course, you don’t get all that potential sophistication for nothing… the sophisticated Flash system inevitably had some overhead built in.

But with the advent of increased demand for mobile web appliances wiht long battery life, as well as increased strategic rivalries between Apple and Adobe, Apple elected to ‘banish’ Flash from the iOS operating system that runs their Touch, iPhone, and iPad, saying that developers should use native HTML5 support for streaming audio and video.

Great.

Except for one thing. HTML5 was not then and is not now a standard. It will not be a finalized standard for the better part of a decade, as plans now exist.

Support for HTML5′s vague ‘standards’ is spotty and inconsistently implemented across browsers. Web developers are now faced with a situation that — sadly — parallels the troubled times of the late 90s when every browser implemented the (often vaguely stated) CSS standard in frequently fundamentally inconsistent ways.

The number of people who do have browsers that properly support HTML5 is around half to 2/3 (depending on whose statistics you buy). That leaves, what, around a billion people who don’t?

And that means that a prudent web developer will likely need to make sure his streaming audio and video media has both Flash and HTML5 support. Some systems use HTML5 if it’s available, but ‘fall back’ to Flash if it’s not. Others, weighing the sophistication and maturity of Flash players, go the other way around, using a full featured Flash player where that’s supported, but falling ‘forward’ to the much cruder, limited HTML5 native players in HTML5-ready browsers.

Here’s a report on the state of HTML5 video from Long Tail Video, the people who make the popular (but no longer strictly free) JW Player.

The State Of HTML5 Video

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Groupon Griefs Grow

Many of us who have long suspected that Groupon was a gaudy but inherently flimsy mansion built on sand are probably clucking our tongues and acting all I told you so. Don’t get me wrong, this blog is a latecomer to Groupon skepticism; it’s only been about 4 months since I wrote in this space about the all too possible downsides of signing your business up to offer Groupon promotional deals: Thinking about a Groupon promo for your biz? Think hard…

But what a four months it’s been. Four months ago, COO Margo Georgiadis had only been on the job 2 months. Now she’s on her way out the Groupon revolving door and back to former employers, Google.

It gets better/worse/you decide…

Not only is Georgiadis the second COO to leave Groupon in 6 months, but Rob Solomon, who held the gig previously, had only been there since early 2010.

Still, the real kick in the gut for Groupon’s initial investors is this: their once much-awaited IPO is now clouded by the company’s acknowledgment to the SEC that reporting the face value of the company’s coupons sold as revenue — instead of first deducting the merchant’s cut — was a bit of misguided accounting (that might have struck some old-fashioned types as a bit of an over reach right on its face) — the correction of which reduced stated revenue for the first half of the year from $1.5 billion to only $688 million — less than half.

As the old calypso song says: house built on a weak foundation, it will not stand.

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Critical Safari, IE, and Windows Updates


Watch those links and ads folks — more trojan malware lurking on Bing and elsewhere…

More malware from Russia, more malware-loaded ads and a fake Flash installer trojan targeting Mac users:

From the Ed Bott Report on ZDNet:

Summary: Malware authors will do just about anything to fool you into installing their software. A popular target is search engine advertising, which one gang is using on Microsoft’s search results. In a separate attack, Mac users are being targeted by a Trojan that mimics a Flash installer.

Yesterday, I showed you details of an ad on Microsoft’s Bing search engine that led unwary visitors to a site serving up malware.

Several hours after I reported that ad to Microsoft, it was removed, and a spokesperson told me that Bing’s ad network will “continue to directly work with our agency media partners to verify and confirm any suspicious orders.”

Looks like there’s more work to do.

This morning, I’ve found multiple ads on Bing that go through seemingly innocent intermediary sites to the same malicious server in Russia…

More… http://www.zdnet.com/blog/bott/bing-…02?tag=nl.e539

UPDATE: this just in… more Beast-of-Redmond targeting eploits, this time targeting the not-so-grand old lady of browsers…

Microsoft expecting exploits for critical IE vulnerabilities

http://www.zdnet.com/blog/security/m…44?tag=nl.e589

But the bad guys no longer play favorites — there are a new round of drive-by attacks that can infect Safari on both OS X and Windows — just by tricking you into visiting a malware serving site — time to UPDATE!

58 Safari Bugs Patched To Prevent Drive By Attacks

( http://www.favbrowser.com/58-safari-…ve-by-attacks/ )

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19 clicks to buy a CD… How e-commerce sites often sabotage themselves

Check out the lengthy preamble to this blog post   from online indie music sales site, Bandcamp, for some insight into how difficult some e-commerce sites still make it to do something as simple as buying a CD from a record label website.

Bancamp’s Ethan Diamond counted 19 clicks, 13 field edits, and  two log-ins before finally getting to a Paypal screen so he could enter his credit card into.

http://blog.bandcamp.com/2011/07/19/u-s-patent-application-12973070-inter-net-shopping-%e2%80%9ccart%e2%80%9d/

 

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New York Times $40 million paywall breached by 4 lines of codes

The New York Times made headlines not long ago when it announced it would be placing extended access to the Times’ online content behind a subscription paywall that would nick would be visitors amounts between $15 and $35 a month for access to more than 20 articles per month.

The venture apparently wasn’t  anything hasty — estimates of its development cost range from $40 million to $50 million. (Yes, that’s million.)

But things are going awry from the outset.

This from Harvard University’s Nieman Journalism Lab…

The New York Times paywall is costing the newspaper $40-$50 million to design and construct, Bloomberg has reported.And it can be defeated through four lines of Javascript.

You read that right.

Author Joshua Benton explains:

In my piece Thursday looking at the paywall — currently only live in Canada — I noted that, when you reach your 20-article limit and try to read more, the contraband article actually loads just fine in your browser — it’s just quickly covered by an overlay obscuring the article and reminding you to pay up…

In my piece Thursday looking at the paywall — currently only live in Canada — I noted that, when you reach your 20-article limit and try to read more, the contraband article actually loads just fine in your browser —

 

The full text of the article is still visible in the page source. And as I mentioned in responding to a commenter — and as is evident to anyone who can right-click on a page and choose “Inspect Element” — the overlay is nothing more than a little CSS and Javascript.

Unfortunately for the Times, there are plenty of popular (or popular-among-nerds) tools that tactically remove little bits of CSS and Javascript. There’sGreasemonkey, there’s Stylish — not to mention the ease with which a browser extension in Firefox, Chrome, or Safari can be built to strip out code.

 

Canadian coder David Hayes has just released NYTClean, a bookmarklet that, in one click, tears down the Times’ paywall.

“Released” is probably even a little strong — it makes it sound like there was an extended development process. All NYTClean does is call four measly lines of Javascript that hide a couple <div>s and turn page scrolling back on. It barely even qualifies as a hack. But it allows you access to any New York Times story, even when you’re past the monthly limit. (I just tested it out with a Canadian proxy server — works just like it says.)

More from Nieman Journalism Lab: That was quick: Four lines of code is all it takes for The New York Times’ paywall to come tumbling down

More from PC Magazine: New York Times Paywall Breached With Four Lines of Code

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